anima Working Group T. Werner Internet-Draft Siemens AG Updates: 8366 (if approved) M. Richardson Intended status: Standards Track Sandelman Software Works Expires: 1 March 2024 29 August 2023 JWS signed Voucher Artifacts for Bootstrapping Protocols draft-ietf-anima-jws-voucher-09 Abstract [TODO: I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] defines a digital artifact called voucher as a YANG-defined JSON document that is signed using a Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) structure. This document introduces a variant of the voucher artifact in which CMS is replaced by the JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) mechanism described in RFC7515 to support deployments in which JOSE is preferred over CMS. In addition to explaining how the format is created, the "application/voucher-jws+json" media type is registered and examples are provided. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on 1 March 2024. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 1] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Voucher Artifact with JSON Web Signature . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1. Voucher Representation in General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2. JSON Voucher Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.3. JWS Protected Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4. JWS Signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6.1. Media-Type Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6.1.1. application/voucher-jws+json . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8.1. Example Pledge Voucher Request - PVR (from Pledge to Registrar) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8.2. Example Parboiled Registrar Voucher Request - RVR (from Registrar to MASA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8.3. Example Voucher Response (from MASA to Pledge, via Registrar) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1. Introduction "A Voucher Artifact for Bootstrapping Protocols" [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] defines a YANG-based data structure used in "Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure" [BRSKI] and "Secure Zero Touch Provisioning" [SZTP] to transfer ownership of a device from a manufacturer to a new owner (customer or operational domain). That document provides a serialization of the voucher data to JSON [RFC8259] (JSON Voucher Data) with cryptographic signing according to the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [RFC5652]. The Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 2] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 resulting voucher artifact has the media type "application/voucher- cms+json". [I-D.ietf-anima-constrained-voucher] provides a serialization of the voucher data to CBOR [RFC8949] with the signature format of COSE [RFC8812] and the media type "application/voucher-cose+cbor". This document provides cryptographic signing of the JSON Voucher Data in form of JSON Web Signature (JWS) [RFC7515] and the media type "application/voucher-jws+json". The encoding specified in this document is used by [I-D.ietf-anima-brski-prm] and may be more handy for use cases already using Javascript Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE). With the availability of different encoded vouchers, it is up to an industry specific application statement to indicate/decide which voucher signature format is to be used. There is no provision across the different voucher signature formats that a receiver could safely recognize which format it uses unless additional context is provided. For example, [BRSKI] provides this context via the media type for the voucher artifact. This document utilizes the optional "typ" (Type) Header Parameter of JWS [RFC7515] to provide information about the signed object. This document should be considered an update to [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] in the category of "See Also" as per [I-D.kuehlewind-update-tag]. [TODO: Fix "Updates:" header with I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis number.] It does not extend the YANG definition of [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis]. 2. Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. This document uses the following terms: JSON Voucher Data: An unsigned JSON representation of the Voucher Data. JWS Voucher: A JWS structure signing the JSON Voucher Data. Voucher: A short form for Voucher Artifact and refers to the signed Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 3] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 statement from the MASA service that indicates to a pledge the cryptographic identity of the domain it should trust, per [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis]. Voucher Data: The raw (serialized) representation of the ietf- voucher YANG module without any enclosing signature, per [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis]. This document uses the following encoding notations: BASE64URL(OCTETS): Denotes the base64url encoding of OCTETS, per Section 2 of [RFC7515]. UTF8(STRING): Denotes the octets of the UTF-8 [RFC3629] representation of STRING, per Section 1 of [RFC7515]. 3. Voucher Artifact with JSON Web Signature [RFC7515] defines the following serializations for JWS: 1. "JWS Compact Serialization" in Section 7.1 of [RFC7515] 2. "JWS JSON Serialization" in Section 7.2 of [RFC7515] * "General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax" in Section 7.2.1 of [RFC7515] * "Flattened JWS JSON Serialization Syntax" in Section 7.2.2 of [RFC7515] A "JWS JSON Serialization Overview" is given in Section 3.2 of [RFC7515] and more details on the JWS serializations in Section 7 of [RFC7515]. This document makes use of the "General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax" of [RFC7515] to support multiple signatures, as already supported by [RFC8366] for CMS-signed vouchers. 3.1. Voucher Representation in General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax JWS Voucher artifacts MUST use the "General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax" defined in Section 7.2.1 of [RFC7515]. The following figure summarizes the serialization of JWS Voucher artifacts: Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 4] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 { "payload": BASE64URL(UTF8(JSON Voucher Data)), "signatures": [ { "protected": BASE64URL(UTF8(JWS Protected Header)), "signature": BASE64URL(JWS Signature) } ] } Figure 1: Voucher Representation in General JWS JSON Serialization Syntax (JWS Voucher) The JSON Voucher Data MUST be UTF-8 encoded to become the octet-based JWS Payload defined in [RFC7515]. The JWS Payload is further base64url-encoded to become the string value of the "payload" member as described in Section 3.2 of [RFC7515]. The octets of the UTF-8 representation of the JWS Protected Header are base64url-encoded to become the string value of the "protected" member. The generated JWS Signature is base64url-encoded to become the string value of the "signature" member. 3.2. JSON Voucher Data The JSON Voucher Data is an unsigned JSON document [RFC8259] that conforms with the data model described by the ietf-voucher YANG module [RFC7950] defined in Section 5.3 of [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] and is encoded using the rules defined in [RFC7951]. The following figure provides an example of JSON Voucher Data: { "ietf-voucher:voucher": { "assertion": "logged", "serial-number": "0123456789", "nonce": "5742698422680472", "created-on": "2022-07-08T03:01:24.618Z", "pinned-domain-cert": "base64encodedvalue==" } } Figure 2: JSON Voucher Data Example Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 5] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 3.3. JWS Protected Header The JWS Protected Header defined in [RFC7515] uses the standard header parameters "alg", "typ", and "x5c". The "alg" parameter MUST contain the algorithm type used to create the signature, e.g., "ES256" as defined in Section 4.1.1 of [RFC7515]. If present, the "typ" parameter SHOULD contain the value "[TODO: voucher-jws+json]" as defined in Section 4.1.9 of [RFC7515]. If X.509 (PKIX) certificates [RFC5280] are used, the "x5c" parameter SHOULD contain the base64-encoded (not base64url-encoded) X.509 v3 (DER) certificate and chain as defined in Section 4.1.6 of [RFC7515]. Implementation Note: base64-encoded values opposed to base64url- encoded values may contain slashes ('/'). JSON [RFC8259] optionally allows to escape these with backslashes (''). Hence, depending on the JSON parser/serializer implementation used, they may or may not be included. JWS Voucher parsers must be prepared accordingly to extract certificates correctly. Vouchers will often need all certificates in the chain, including what would be considered the trust anchor certificate, because intermediate devices (such as the Registrar) may need to audit the artifact, or end systems may need to pin a trust anchor for future operations. Note, a trust anchor SHOULD be provided differently to be trusted. This is consistent with Section 5.5.2 of [BRSKI]. The following figure gives an example of a JWS Protected Header: { "alg": "ES256", "typ": "[TODO: voucher-jws+json]", "x5c": [ "base64encodedvalue1==", "base64encodedvalue2==" ] } Figure 3: JWS Protected Header Example 3.4. JWS Signature The JWS Signature is generated over the JWS Protected Header and the JWS Payload (= UTF-8 encoded JSON Voucher Data) as described in Section 5.1 of [RFC7515]. Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 6] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 4. Privacy Considerations The Voucher Request reveals the IDevID of the component (Pledge) that is in the process of bootstrapping. This request occurs via HTTP-over-TLS, however, for the Pledge-to- Registrar TLS connection, the Pledge is provisionally accepting the Registrar server certificate. Hence it is subject to disclosure by a Dolev-Yao attacker (a "malicious messenger") [ON-PATH], as explained in Section 10.2 of [BRSKI]. The use of a JWS header brings no new privacy considerations. 5. Security Considerations The issues of how [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] vouchers are used in a [BRSKI] system is addressed in Section 11 of [BRSKI]. This document does not change any of those issues, it just changes the signature technology used for voucher request and response artifacts. Section 9 of [SZTP] deals with voucher use in Secure Zero Touch Provisioning, for which this document also makes no changes to security. 6. IANA Considerations 6.1. Media-Type Registry This section registers the "application/voucher-jws+json" in the "Media Types" registry. 6.1.1. application/voucher-jws+json Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 7] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 Type name: application Subtype name: voucher-jws+json Required parameters: none Optional parameters: none Encoding considerations: JWS+JSON vouchers are JOSE objects signed with one or multiple signers. Security considerations: See section [Security Considerations] Interoperability considerations: The format is designed to be broadly interoperable. Published specification: [THIS RFC]. Applications that use this media type: ANIMA, 6tisch, and other zero-touch bootstrapping/provisioning solutions Additional information: Magic number(s): None File extension(s): .vjj Macintosh file type code(s): none Person & email address to contact for further information: IETF ANIMA WG Intended usage: LIMITED Restrictions on usage: NONE Author: ANIMA WG Change controller: IETF Provisional registration? (standards tree only): NO 7. Acknowledgments We would like to thank the various reviewers for their input, in particular Steffen Fries, Ingo Wenda, Esko Dijk and Toerless Eckert. Thanks for the supporting PoC implementations to Hong Rui Li and He Peng Jia. 8. Examples These examples are folded according to [RFC8792] Single Backslash rule. 8.1. Example Pledge Voucher Request - PVR (from Pledge to Registrar) The following is an example request sent from a Pledge to the Registrar, in "General JWS JSON Serialization". Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 8] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 =============== NOTE: '\' line wrapping per RFC 8792 ================ { "payload": "eyJpZXRmLXZvdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzdDp2b3VjaGVyIjp7InNlcmlhbC\ 1udW1iZXIiOiIwMTIzNDU2Nzg5Iiwibm9uY2UiOiI2R3RuK1pRS04ySHFERlZrQkV4Wk\ xRPT0iLCJjcmVhdGVkLW9uIjoiMjAyMi0wNy0wOFQwODo0MDo0Mi44MjBaIiwicHJveG\ ltaXR5LXJlZ2lzdHJhci1jZXJ0IjoiTUlJQjRqQ0NBWWlnQXdJQkFnSUdBWFk3MmJiWk\ 1Bb0dDQ3FHU000OUJBTUNNRFV4RXpBUkJnTlZCQW9NQ2sxNVFuVnphVzVsYzNNeERUQU\ xCZ05WQkFjTUJGTnBkR1V4RHpBTkJnTlZCQU1NQmxSbGMzUkRRVEFlRncweU1ERXlNRG\ N3TmpFNE1USmFGdzB6TURFeU1EY3dOakU0TVRKYU1ENHhFekFSQmdOVkJBb01DazE1UW\ 5WemFXNWxjM014RFRBTEJnTlZCQWNNQkZOcGRHVXhHREFXQmdOVkJBTU1EMFJ2YldGcG\ JsSmxaMmx6ZEhKaGNqQlpNQk1HQnlxR1NNNDlBZ0VHQ0NxR1NNNDlBd0VIQTBJQUJCaz\ E2Sy9pNzlvUmtLNVliZVBnOFVTUjgvdXMxZFBVaVpITXRva1NkcUtXNWZuV3NCZCtxUk\ w3V1JmZmVXa3lnZWJvSmZJbGx1cmNpMjV3bmhpT1ZDR2plekI1TUIwR0ExVWRKUVFXTU\ JRR0NDc0dBUVVGQndNQkJnZ3JCZ0VGQlFjREhEQU9CZ05WSFE4QkFmOEVCQU1DQjRBd1\ NBWURWUjBSQkVFd1A0SWRjbVZuYVhOMGNtRnlMWFJsYzNRdWMybGxiV1Z1Y3kxaWRDNX\ VaWFNDSG5KbFoybHpkSEpoY2kxMFpYTjBOaTV6YVdWdFpXNXpMV0owTG01bGREQUtCZ2\ dxaGtqT1BRUURBZ05JQURCRkFpQnhsZEJoWnEwRXY1SkwyUHJXQ3R5UzZoRFlXMXlDTy\ 9SYXVicEM3TWFJRGdJaEFMU0piZ0xuZ2hiYkFnMGRjV0ZVVm8vZ0dOMC9qd3pKWjBTbD\ JoNHhJWGsxIn19", "signatures": [{ "protected": "eyJ4NWMiOlsiTUlJQitUQ0NBYUNnQXdJQkFnSUdBWG5WanNVNU\ 1Bb0dDQ3FHU000OUJBTUNNRDB4Q3pBSkJnTlZCQVlUQWtGUk1SVXdFd1lEVlFRS0RBeE\ thVzVuU21sdVowTnZjbkF4RnpBVkJnTlZCQU1NRGtwcGJtZEthVzVuVkdWemRFTkJNQ0\ FYRFRJeE1EWXdOREExTkRZeE5Gb1lEems1T1RreE1qTXhNak0xT1RVNVdqQlNNUXN3Q1\ FZRFZRUUdFd0pCVVRFVk1CTUdBMVVFQ2d3TVNtbHVaMHBwYm1kRGIzSndNUk13RVFZRF\ ZRUUZFd293TVRJek5EVTJOemc1TVJjd0ZRWURWUVFEREE1S2FXNW5TbWx1WjBSbGRtbG\ paVEJaTUJNR0J5cUdTTTQ5QWdFR0NDcUdTTTQ5QXdFSEEwSUFCQzc5bGlhUmNCalpjRU\ VYdzdyVWVhdnRHSkF1SDRwazRJNDJ2YUJNc1UxMWlMRENDTGtWaHRVVjIxbXZhS0N2TX\ gyWStTTWdROGZmd0wyM3ozVElWQldqZFRCek1Dc0dDQ3NHQVFVRkJ3RWdCQjhXSFcxaG\ MyRXRkR1Z6ZEM1emFXVnRaVzV6TFdKMExtNWxkRG81TkRRek1COEdBMVVkSXdRWU1CYU\ FGRlFMak56UFwvU1wva291alF3amc1RTVmdndjWWJNQk1HQTFVZEpRUU1NQW9HQ0NzR0\ FRVUZCd01DTUE0R0ExVWREd0VCXC93UUVBd0lIZ0RBS0JnZ3Foa2pPUFFRREFnTkhBRE\ JFQWlCdTN3UkJMc0pNUDVzTTA3MEgrVUZyeU5VNmdLekxPUmNGeVJST2xxcUhpZ0lnWE\ NtSkxUekVsdkQycG9LNmR4NmwxXC91eW1UbmJRRERmSmxhdHVYMlJvT0U9Il0sInR5cC\ I6InZvdWNoZXItandzK2pzb24iLCJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiJ9", "signature": "abVg4TDGzSTjVHkQlNeIW3ABu5ZXdMl1cEqwcIAlHFW4BrlGbO\ -DRTKfyCOGxSW49-ktJcrVlYgKqC4xmZoy0Q" }] } Figure 4: Example Pledge Voucher Request - PVR Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 9] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 8.2. Example Parboiled Registrar Voucher Request - RVR (from Registrar to MASA) The term parboiled refers to food which is partially cooked. In [BRSKI], the term refers to a Pledge voucher-request (PVR) which has been received by the Registrar, and then has been processed by the Registrar ("cooked"), and is now being forwarded to the MASA. The following is an example Registrar voucher-request (RVR) sent from the Registrar to the MASA, in "General JWS JSON Serialization". Note that the previous PVR can be seen in the payload as "prior-signed- voucher-request". =============== NOTE: '\' line wrapping per RFC 8792 ================ { "payload": "eyJpZXRmLXZvdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzdDp2b3VjaGVyIjp7InNlcmlhbC\ 1udW1iZXIiOiIwMTIzNDU2Nzg5IiwiaWRldmlkLWlzc3VlciI6IkJCZ3dGb0FVVkF1TT\ NNLzlMK1NpNk5EQ09Ea1RsKy9CeGhzPSIsIm5vbmNlIjoiNkd0bitaUUtOMkhxREZWa0\ JFeFpMUT09IiwicHJpb3Itc2lnbmVkLXZvdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzdCI6ImV5SndZWGxzYj\ JGa0lqb2laWGxLY0ZwWVVtMU1XRnAyWkZkT2IxcFlTWFJqYlZaNFpGZFdlbVJFY0RKaU\ 0xWnFZVWRXZVVscWNEZEpiazVzWTIxc2FHSkRNWFZrVnpGcFdsaEphVTlwU1hkTlZFbD\ ZUa1JWTWs1Nlp6VkphWGRwWW0wNWRWa3lWV2xQYVVreVVqTlNkVXN4Y0ZKVE1EUjVVMG\ hHUlZKc1duSlJhMVkwVjJ0NFVsQlVNR2xNUTBwcVkyMVdhR1JIVm10TVZ6bDFTV3B2YV\ UxcVFYbE5hVEIzVG5rd2QwOUdVWGRQUkc4d1RVUnZNRTFwTkRSTmFrSmhTV2wzYVdOSV\ NuWmxSMngwWVZoU05VeFlTbXhhTW14NlpFaEthR05wTVdwYVdFb3dTV3B2YVZSVmJFcF\ JhbEp4VVRCT1FsZFhiRzVSV0dSS1VXdEdibE5WWkVKWFJtc3pUVzFLYVZkck1VSmlNR1\ JFVVROR1NGVXdNREJQVlVwQ1ZGVk9UbEpHVmpSU1dIQkNWV3RLYmxSc1drTlJWemxPVV\ 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5WemFXNWxjM014RFRBTEJnTlZCQWNNQkZOcGRHVXhMakFzQmdOVkJBTU1KVkpsWjJsem\ RISmhjaUJXYjNWamFHVnlJRkpsY1hWbGMzUWdVMmxuYm1sdVp5QkxaWGt3V1RBVEJnY3\ Foa2pPUFFJQkJnZ3Foa2pPUFFNQkJ3TkNBQVQ2eFZ2QXZxVHoxWlVpdU5XaFhwUXNrYV\ B5N0FISFFMd1hpSjBpRUx0NnVOUGFuQU4wUW5XTVlPXC8wQ0RFaklrQlFvYnc4WUtxan\ R4SkhWU0dUajlLT295Y3dKVEFUQmdOVkhTVUVEREFLQmdnckJnRUZCUWNESERBT0JnTl\ ZIUThCQWY4RUJBTUNCNEF3Q2dZSUtvWkl6ajBFQXdJRFJ3QXdSQUlnWXIyTGZxb2FDS0\ RGNFJBY01tSmkrTkNacWRTaXVWdWdJU0E3T2hLUnEzWUNJRHhuUE1NbnBYQU1UclBKdV\ BXeWNlRVIxMVB4SE9uKzBDcFNIaTJxZ3BXWCIsIk1JSUJwRENDQVVtZ0F3SUJBZ0lHQV\ cwZUx1SCtNQW9HQ0NxR1NNNDlCQU1DTURVeEV6QVJCZ05WQkFvTUNrMTVRblZ6YVc1bG\ MzTXhEVEFMQmdOVkJBY01CRk5wZEdVeER6QU5CZ05WQkFNTUJsUmxjM1JEUVRBZUZ3MH\ hPVEE1TVRFd01qTTNNekphRncweU9UQTVNVEV3TWpNM016SmFNRFV4RXpBUkJnTlZCQW\ 9NQ2sxNVFuVnphVzVsYzNNeERUQUxCZ05WQkFjTUJGTnBkR1V4RHpBTkJnTlZCQU1NQm\ Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 11] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 xSbGMzUkRRVEJaTUJNR0J5cUdTTTQ5QWdFR0NDcUdTTTQ5QXdFSEEwSUFCT2t2a1RIdT\ hRbFQzRkhKMVVhSTcrV3NIT2IwVVMzU0FMdEc1d3VLUURqaWV4MDZcL1NjWTVQSmlidm\ dIVEIrRlwvUVRqZ2VsSEd5MVlLcHdjTk1jc1N5YWpSVEJETUJJR0ExVWRFd0VCXC93UU\ lNQVlCQWY4Q0FRRXdEZ1lEVlIwUEFRSFwvQkFRREFnSUVNQjBHQTFVZERnUVdCQlRvWk\ lNelFkc0RcL2pcLytnWFwvN2NCSnVjSFwvWG1qQUtCZ2dxaGtqT1BRUURBZ05KQURCR0\ FpRUF0eFEzK0lMR0JQSXRTaDRiOVdYaFhOdWhxU1A2SCtiXC9MQ1wvZlZZRGpRNm9DSV\ FERzJ1UkNIbFZxM3loQjU4VFhNVWJ6SDgrT2xoV1V2T2xSRDNWRXFEZGNRdz09Il0sIn\ R5cCI6InZvdWNoZXItandzK2pzb24iLCJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiJ9", "signature": "0fzuqVdyhemWsu_HQeF-CmQwJeLp9IStNf-bWZwz6SojrEOR4a\ Dq6VStyG8eWXjGHNZiRyyLJo7RP1rKatuS2w" }] } Figure 5: Example Parboiled Registrar Voucher Request - RVR 8.3. Example Voucher Response (from MASA to Pledge, via Registrar) The following is an example voucher response from MASA to Pledge via Registrar, in "General JWS JSON Serialization". Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 12] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 =============== NOTE: '\' line wrapping per RFC 8792 ================ { "payload": "eyJpZXRmLXZvdWNoZXI6dm91Y2hlciI6eyJhc3NlcnRpb24iOiJsb2\ dnZWQiLCJzZXJpYWwtbnVtYmVyIjoiMDEyMzQ1Njc4OSIsIm5vbmNlIjoiZGRoSGQ4Ml\ FpUGtzMDBTck1USTlEUT09IiwiY3JlYXRlZC1vbiI6IjIwMjItMDctMDdUMTc6NDc6MD\ EuODkwWiIsInBpbm5lZC1kb21haW4tY2VydCI6Ik1JSUJwRENDQVVtZ0F3SUJBZ0lHQV\ cwZUx1SCtNQW9HQ0NxR1NNNDlCQU1DTURVeEV6QVJCZ05WQkFvTUNrMTVRblZ6YVc1bG\ MzTXhEVEFMQmdOVkJBY01CRk5wZEdVeER6QU5CZ05WQkFNTUJsUmxjM1JEUVRBZUZ3MH\ hPVEE1TVRFd01qTTNNekphRncweU9UQTVNVEV3TWpNM016SmFNRFV4RXpBUkJnTlZCQW\ 9NQ2sxNVFuVnphVzVsYzNNeERUQUxCZ05WQkFjTUJGTnBkR1V4RHpBTkJnTlZCQU1NQm\ xSbGMzUkRRVEJaTUJNR0J5cUdTTTQ5QWdFR0NDcUdTTTQ5QXdFSEEwSUFCT2t2a1RIdT\ hRbFQzRkhKMVVhSTcrV3NIT2IwVVMzU0FMdEc1d3VLUURqaWV4MDYvU2NZNVBKaWJ2Z0\ hUQitGL1FUamdlbEhHeTFZS3B3Y05NY3NTeWFqUlRCRE1CSUdBMVVkRXdFQi93UUlNQV\ lCQWY4Q0FRRXdEZ1lEVlIwUEFRSC9CQVFEQWdJRU1CMEdBMVVkRGdRV0JCVG9aSU16UW\ RzRC9qLytnWC83Y0JKdWNIL1htakFLQmdncWhrak9QUVFEQWdOSkFEQkdBaUVBdHhRMy\ tJTEdCUEl0U2g0YjlXWGhYTnVocVNQNkgrYi9MQy9mVllEalE2b0NJUURHMnVSQ0hsVn\ EzeWhCNThUWE1VYnpIOCtPbGhXVXZPbFJEM1ZFcURkY1F3PT0ifX0", "signatures": [{ "protected": "eyJ4NWMiOlsiTUlJQmt6Q0NBVGlnQXdJQkFnSUdBV0ZCakNrWU\ 1Bb0dDQ3FHU000OUJBTUNNRDB4Q3pBSkJnTlZCQVlUQWtGUk1SVXdFd1lEVlFRS0RBeE\ thVzVuU21sdVowTnZjbkF4RnpBVkJnTlZCQU1NRGtwcGJtZEthVzVuVkdWemRFTkJNQj\ RYRFRFNE1ERXlPVEV3TlRJME1Gb1hEVEk0TURFeU9URXdOVEkwTUZvd1R6RUxNQWtHQT\ FVRUJoTUNRVkV4RlRBVEJnTlZCQW9NREVwcGJtZEthVzVuUTI5eWNERXBNQ2NHQTFVRU\ F3d2dTbWx1WjBwcGJtZERiM0p3SUZadmRXTm9aWElnVTJsbmJtbHVaeUJMWlhrd1dUQV\ RCZ2NxaGtqT1BRSUJCZ2dxaGtqT1BRTUJCd05DQUFTQzZiZUxBbWVxMVZ3NmlRclJzOF\ IwWlcrNGIxR1d5ZG1XczJHQU1GV3diaXRmMm5JWEgzT3FIS1Z1OHMyUnZpQkdOaXZPS0\ dCSEh0QmRpRkVaWnZiN294SXdFREFPQmdOVkhROEJBZjhFQkFNQ0I0QXdDZ1lJS29aSX\ pqMEVBd0lEU1FBd1JnSWhBSTRQWWJ4dHNzSFAyVkh4XC90elVvUVwvU3N5ZEwzMERRSU\ 5FdGNOOW1DVFhQQWlFQXZJYjNvK0ZPM0JUbmNMRnNhSlpSQWtkN3pPdXNuXC9cL1pLT2\ FFS2JzVkRpVT0iXSwidHlwIjoidm91Y2hlci1qd3MranNvbiIsImFsZyI6IkVTMjU2In\ 0", "signature": "y1HLYBFlwouf42XWSKUWjeYQHnG2Q6A4bjA7hvTkB3z1dPwTUl\ jPHtuN2Qex6gDxTfaSiKeoXGsOD4JWOgQJPg" }] } Figure 6: Example Voucher Response 9. References 9.1. Normative References [BRSKI] Pritikin, M., Richardson, M., Eckert, T., Behringer, M., and K. Watsen, "Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI)", RFC 8995, DOI 10.17487/RFC8995, May 2021, . Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 13] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 [I-D.draft-ietf-anima-rfc8366bis] Watsen, K., Richardson, M., Pritikin, M., Eckert, T. T., and Q. Ma, "A Voucher Artifact for Bootstrapping Protocols", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf- anima-rfc8366bis-10, 22 August 2023, . [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, May 2008, . [RFC7515] Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web Signature (JWS)", RFC 7515, DOI 10.17487/RFC7515, May 2015, . [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, . [RFC8259] Bray, T., Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format", STD 90, RFC 8259, DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, December 2017, . 9.2. Informative References [I-D.ietf-anima-brski-prm] Fries, S., Werner, T., Lear, E., and M. Richardson, "BRSKI with Pledge in Responder Mode (BRSKI-PRM)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-anima-brski-prm-09, 10 July 2023, . [I-D.ietf-anima-constrained-voucher] Richardson, M., Van der Stok, P., Kampanakis, P., and E. Dijk, "Constrained Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-anima-constrained-voucher-21, 7 July 2023, . Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 14] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 [I-D.kuehlewind-update-tag] Kühlewind, M. and S. Krishnan, "Definition of new tags for relations between RFCs", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-kuehlewind-update-tag-04, 12 July 2021, . [ON-PATH] "can an on-path attacker drop traffic?", n.d., . [RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, DOI 10.17487/RFC3629, November 2003, . [RFC5652] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70, RFC 5652, DOI 10.17487/RFC5652, September 2009, . [RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language", RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016, . [RFC7951] Lhotka, L., "JSON Encoding of Data Modeled with YANG", RFC 7951, DOI 10.17487/RFC7951, August 2016, . [RFC8366] Watsen, K., Richardson, M., Pritikin, M., and T. Eckert, "A Voucher Artifact for Bootstrapping Protocols", RFC 8366, DOI 10.17487/RFC8366, May 2018, . [RFC8792] Watsen, K., Auerswald, E., Farrel, A., and Q. Wu, "Handling Long Lines in Content of Internet-Drafts and RFCs", RFC 8792, DOI 10.17487/RFC8792, June 2020, . [RFC8812] Jones, M., "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE) and JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) Registrations for Web Authentication (WebAuthn) Algorithms", RFC 8812, DOI 10.17487/RFC8812, August 2020, . [RFC8949] Bormann, C. and P. Hoffman, "Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)", STD 94, RFC 8949, DOI 10.17487/RFC8949, December 2020, . Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 15] Internet-Draft JWS-voucher August 2023 [SZTP] Watsen, K., Farrer, I., and M. Abrahamsson, "Secure Zero Touch Provisioning (SZTP)", RFC 8572, DOI 10.17487/RFC8572, April 2019, . Contributors Toerless Eckert Futurewei Technologies Inc. Email: tte+ietf@cs.fau.de Esko Dijk Email: esko.dijk@iotconsultancy.nl Steffen Fries Siemens AG Email: steffen.fries@siemens.com Authors' Addresses Thomas Werner Siemens AG Email: thomas-werner@siemens.com Michael Richardson Sandelman Software Works Email: mcr+ietf@sandelman.ca Werner & Richardson Expires 1 March 2024 [Page 16]